(Draper, 1991) Bloody Sunday 2002 R 1 h 51 m IMDb RATING 7.6 /10 25K YOUR RATING Rate Drama History War A dramatization of the Irish civil rights protest march and subsequent massacre by British troops on January 30, 1972. As of 2000, the Texas Syndicate had about 19,000 All Rights Reserved. Sunday, 9 November 1952 should be remembered as a day of infamy in South Africa's history, but few know of a brutal massacre when police opened fire on people at an ANC Youth League event in . On the other side of the argument, prosecutors contend that Sandoval left open a hallway and allowed the Texas Syndicate to carry out the planned murder of Joe Arredondo (McKay, 1991). Bloody Sunday Brian Lawless/PA By Mike McBride & David Wilson BBC News NI Relatives of those killed on Bloody Sunday have been remembering their loved ones on the 50th anniversary. "What we have here might be considered a sixth crime family," after the five Mafia organizations Bonanno, Colombo, Gambino, Genovese and Lucchese said Fred Snelling, head of the FBI's criminal division in New York. One of Italy's top prosecutors, Cataldo Motta , who has identified Albania's most dangerous mobsters, says they are a threat to Western society. In the United States, Albanian gangs started to be active in the mid-80s, mostly participating in low-level crimes such as burglaries and robberies. The guard or staff member is now confronted with facing possible repercussions from prison administrators. [1] 8/21/2008) (Tex. 116th Street Crew The 116th Street crew, also known as the Uptown crew, is a powerful crew within the Genovese crime family. The day would be labeled Bloody Sunday. The jurors in Sandovals trial werent convinced that Sandoval worked for or with the gang in any way (McKay, 1991). His crew, with his vast illegal interests went to Anthony Salerno. (El Paso Times), In 2007, 23 Texas Syndicate members are arrested in cities all over the state of Texas on drug trafficking charges. Later in the game, Albanian gangs appear working as muscle for other organizations, such as the Cosa Nostra or the Bratva . The Texas Syndicate or Syndicato Tejano was the first prison gang to heavily impact the prison system in Texas. This influenced who the prison gang incorporated into their monetary endeavors. (Associated Press), In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance its self with the Mexikanemi. Border Brothers, Tri City Bombers, Texas Mafia, Dirty White Boys, Mexikanemi, Mexican Mafia, Nuestra Familia, Aryan Brotherhood, Mandingo Warriors, Black Guerrilla Family, REGISTER NOW TO BEGIN TRAINING FOR YOUR GANG SPECIALIST CERTIFICATION. Additionally, many prison units were being constructed as the state and the rest of the country saw a rise in inmate populations. Stamps are also a form of currency within prisons. Five months earlier, in August 1971 and against a backdrop of escalating violence and increased bombings in Northern Ireland, a new law was introduced giving the authorities the power to imprison . This complicates mass incarceration scholarship which primarily rests along the Black and White binary of American history. Their options were either possibly losing their job, or continue assisting the inmates and they would remain silent. (Associated Press), In July 2007, police find the burned body of a Marcelino Mars Torres in Hidalgo County. (Associated Press), In 1994, the Texas Syndicate and the Raza Unida agree that the gangs would share the drug trade in Brownsville by dividing gang territory in the border town in sections. Italians. For incarcerated Mexican Americans from Texas, Tejano identity was seen as an important component by the Texas Syndicate for admission. The details of exactly who he saw murdered were not clear but according to homicide records, the victim was probably Cesario Gonzales who was killed on August 31, 1985. Robert Riggs Reports Blood In. Due to the fact that the Mafia families are based on the blood ties, which is a factor that restricts the number of the clan members, the bonds between them are very strong, which makes getting close to and infiltrating into them almost impossible. The Rudaj Organization , also called "The Corporation", was a well known Albanian criminal organization operating in the New York City metro area. ), 1997), In 1990, the Mexikanemi and Texas Syndicate agree on a truce. Blood Out, Texas Prison Gangs. Accessed December 1, 2018. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e2SjyCPZ-NU Infiltration into these groups is thus very difficult. The commonly known and widespread narrative goes as follows: At dawn on 9 January, a crowd of workers that were . Released or parole members who generate money for the Texas Syndicate must surrender a 10% tax ("the dime") of all proceeds toward the gang in prison. Along with this, something else was happening. App. Mexican Americans were informed by their ethnic identity, but also by state identity as prison gangs formed. Thus, in many areas of Italy, the market for cannabis, prostitution, and smuggling is run mainly by Albanians. Albanian gangsters were also involved in the largest cash robbery in British crime history, the 53 million (about US$92.5 million at the time of the robbery) Securitas heist in 2006. The presdent will be there to mark 58 years since the Bloody Sunday, a violent clash between 600 civil rights marchers and white police officers on the Edmund Pettus Bridge in 1965 that served. A later inquiry unveiled an army cover-up. He ultimately lost his job, his wife divorced him, he was in a car crash during this period that left him in debt and suffering from the injuries. Another trial focused on the parties who were responsible for the murder of Arredondo was underway. Rent $3.99 Buy $12.99 Authorities said Sandoval unlocked a door to a hallway between a chapel and recreation yard at the Ellis I Unit and then left his post so gang members could attack Arredondo (Fair, 1991). They have been reported in the Federal Correctional Institute at Oakdale, Louisiana, and in San Quentin, California, with frequency. Albanian "banks" in Germany are a special story. May 2, 2011. Kapllan Murat : Belgium's most notorious mobster. Before Sandoval could stand to face trial though, he fled. The prosecution of Sandoval occurred through a new development in the Texas prison system. The only known members are Dardan Petrela, Kalem Vulaj, and Bledar Morina. This included its leader Alex Rudaj , and effectively ended the criminal organization. In the letter, he was critical of the Texas prison system. While these prison gangs relied primarily on ethnicity and racial identity for membership, state identity informed their inclusion as well and should be noted. South Texas Syndicate in La Salle County, TX. Activists who gathered virtually and in person to commemorate a pivotal day in the civil rights struggle that became known as Bloody Sunday called on people to continue the fight for voting rights as they also honored giants of the civil rights movement, including the late U.S. Rep. John Lewis, who died last year. Garcia was not a member of the Texas Syndicate. Director Paul Greengrass Writer Paul Greengrass Stars James Nesbitt Tim Pigott-Smith Nicholas Farrell In the video game Socom 2 your first mission is to capture several kingpins in Albania. The Texas Syndicate was established at Folsom State Prison in California in 1978 in direct response to the other California prison gangs, notably the Aryan Brotherhood and Mexican Mafia, which were attempting to prey on native Texas inmates. NPS Photo The early spring of 1965 became the turning point in the tensely-waged struggle for voting rights throughout Alabama and the "deep South." They are said to be present in every big city in Britain as well as many smaller ones including Telford and Lancaster , after having fought off rival criminals in turf wars. It was claimed that Sandoval felt more at home with fellow Hispanics than with the Black inmates, who terrified him (Statistical Atlas, 1991). Some inmates who testified against him were prison gang members including those who were eventually convicted of the murder. State identity also occurred as a form of othering by the California prison gangs which did not extend membership to non-Californios. Albanian mobsters Rexho and Luan feature in the Danish crime film Pusher III . This story illustrates the harsh reality of prison gang violence, but also the non-violent ways prison gangs influenced guards. Dominicans. MSU is an affirmative-action, equal-opportunity employer. (Gang Intelligence 101), In April 2002, members of the Texas Syndicate murder a Tango Blast member at the J.B. Connally state prison. Almir Rrapo : Leader of the "Krasniqi Crew" based in New York and other US cities. Prosecutors announced they were pursuing criminal charges against two British soldiers who took part in the Bloody Sunday. These inmates came in for robberies and burglaries but had to either graduate to murder or be murdered. (Ortiz v. State, 93 S.W.3d 79 (Tex. Sandoval was charged with the murder of Joe Arredondo through the special prison prosecution unit which was founded in 1984 to directly combat the escalation of prison gangs activity. (Associates Press), On January 2009, 10 Texas Syndicate members invade the home of an Austin couple and rob the family of their TVs wallets, and vehicles. Travis McDonald, the primary prosecutor for the states recently developed prosecution unit headed this charge against crime inside of prisons. Accessed on December 12, 2018. https://statisticalatlas.com/place/Texas/Alice/Race-and-Ethnicity Roberto Saviano, The Italian writer, a good expert of Neapolitan Camorra and the Italian mafia in general, spoke of the Albanian mafia as a no longer foreign mafia to Italy and stressed that the Albanians and Italians have a "brotherly" relationship between each other. The roots of its foundation were directly connected to prison gangs. Simmons published in Prison Legal News October, 2004, page 39. They continued the war and within month's police began arresting top members of the Camorra gangs. At this point Sandoval, along with other guards, or staff members became the duck and were now leveraged against by the inmates as the victims or co-conspirators dug themselves deeper into the clutches of the inmates bidding as a representative of a prison gang. Ultimately, as the histories of prison continue to expand, the inclusion of Mexican Americans as an integral population to its history is necessary; we grow to contest the views of Mexican Americans as a criminalized population, discern an increased incarcerated population, and also recognize them becoming institutional operatives of the prison system itself. Prior to the creation of this new prosecutorial arm of the Texas prison system, individual prison units handled internal criminal or objectionable acts and handed out punishment that they perceived fitting for the crime outside the confines of courtrooms. Later, they would become affiliated with Cosa Nostra crime families before eventually growing strong enough to operate their own organizations under the Iliazi family name. The victim, who was also a TS member was wrestled down and intentionally overdosed with a shot of heroin. He did not complete his college education although he went farther than many Mexican Americans from this region. (El Paso Times) In 1991, for example, a prison guard who worked at the Ellis I unit where Sandoval had once worked was indicted with drug muling. In fact, from roughly 1986 to 1991, the special prison prosecution unit charged at least sixty Texas prison guards with felony offenses (Draper, 1991). Rudaj Organization The most famous Albanian criminal organization was the Rudaj Organization . (Associated Press), On Jan 29, 2009, high ranking Texas Syndicate member Ricardo Ortiz is executed by the state of Texas for his role in a 1997 murder. Texas Syndicate Tattoos: Travis McDonald, the prison prosecutor for Texas stated, Its hard to try a case against a guard in Huntsville. The process of downing the duck is described as an inmate or a group of inmates manipulating a guard or staff member into undertaking very small tasks perceived to be innocuous. The Mexican Mafia for example, was formed in 1957 in the Deuel Vocational Institution in Tracy, California and is one of the earliest formed prison gangs to still exist, and continues to exhibit power inside and outside prisons. Steve Fischer [Sandovals attorney], however, contends that Sandoval had not unlocked the door and that officials there knew that guards frequently left the door unlocked (Fair, 1991). These homicides were in part, primarily caused by the war between the Texas Syndicate and the newly formed Texas Mexican Mafia who sought to gain the reins of power as the building tender system was being demolished. Bloody Sunday proved to be a turning point in the civil rights movement that led to the passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Law enforcement authorities estimate that different Albanian mafia families may smuggle as much as 440 pounds of heroin a year into Scandinavia at any given time. Sandoval contends that the door was kept unlocked and that he was framed because officials at the prison feared they would be held liable in Arredondos death (News Briefs, 1991). Bloody Sunday is a dramatization of the Irish civil rights protest march and subsequent massacre by British troops on January 30, 1972. by C. C. Simmons. However, after the disturbance was quelled, in an adjacent room, Leonel Perezs body was found. He had an arranged agreement with them where profits from drug trafficking into the prison were split between himself and the Texas Syndicate. The earlier allegations explored in the section on the downing the duck process was brought up by the prosecution. Albanian organized crime is active in Albania , the United States , and the European Union (EU) countries, participating in a diverse range of criminal enterprises including drug and arms trafficking . In 1993, the Barrio Azteca brutally beat and murder a Texas Syndicate member in the El Paso county jail causing the Texas Syndicate to alliance it's self with the Mexikanemi. The wardens, staff, guards, and building tenders were predominately White. (El Paso Times), In 1994, Barrio Azteca members murder a Texas Syndicate member at the Wallace unit in Colorado City, Texas. By 1997 the immigration had come under the control of Albanian and Italian criminal groups, tightening relationships between them The Albanians are targeting affluent central and northern areas like Lombardy , Piedmont , and Tuscany . 8,126 Hispanic members operate across Texas, including specific reportings in the Coffield Unit, about 60 miles southwest of Tyler, and at the Allred prison unit outside of Wichita Falls. The gang felt that the mother of 3 had crossed the line and ordered TS member Magnaleno Medina to kidnap and murder her. Fifty-two prisoners were murdered in a 21-month period that became known as the "war years." Over 50 different gangs were represented in our study. A myriad of factors may have explained why Sandoval took on the tasks by the Texas Syndicate. This allowed the Sicilian to maintain dominance and control over New York City and the remaining Camorra gangs joined forces with Sicilian gangs. Sunday. Ruz claimed the Texas Department of Corrections (TDC) prison system violated the U.S. Constitutions 8th Amendment which prohibited cruel and unusual punishment. Relinquishing membership was not allowed. The Bloody Sunday Inquiry, also known as the Saville Inquiry or the Saville Report after its chairman, Lord Saville of Newdigate, was established in 1998 by British Prime Minister Tony Blair after . We haven't found a single catalogue or brochure for travelling at the agency, computers were not operating, nor has the printer been ever used. In July 2007, Texas Syndicate members murder Marcelino "Mars" Rodriguez Torres in Mc Allen, Texas after the gang suspects Rodriguez is a police informant. In On Bloody Sunday, a new collage of eye-witness accounts, Julieann Campbell, a niece of one of the victims, does a remarkable job of taking the reader vividly back to a past that still haunts. This marriage took place only after Sandoval was able to attain job security with the Texas Department of Corrections as a correctional officer in Huntsville. Bloody Sunday happened twice. Their exit does not exist and the prison gang has now also gained a member that will remain in their proximity for the duration of their sentence, equivalent to their life. Home - Julian Samora Research Institute - Michigan State University If an officer fails to cooperate, a gang has non-violent ways of retaliating []. In the case of Luis Sandoval, while he was not a member, the Texas Syndicate preferred that Garcia deal directly with Sandoval, a fellow Hispanic. Sandovals acceptance and willingness to acquiesce was alleged in part, because as one inmate stated Sandoval always seemed to be hurting for money (Draper, 1991). On Jan. 30, 1972, in the Northern Ireland town of Derry, a peaceful march involving 15,000 civil-rights marchers turned violent when British troops fired on the protesters. Since the removal of the building tender system many of the old guard force resigned and left many green guards to come in and figure out the new and changing Texas prison system. History The 116th Street Mob In the early 1890s, a group of five brothers (Antonio, Nicholas, Giuseppe and half-brothers Vincenzo and Ciro Terranova) arrived in New York City from Corleone, Sicily. The group became known as the 116th Street Mob (or Morello gang ), with their increasing power the Morello's sought to control the Lower Manhattan's Little Italy. In popular culture In films An Albanian criminal organization in Paris is responsible for the kidnapping of Liam Neeson 's character's daughter in Taken . Asian street gangs. (TDCJ Security Threat Group Archives), In mid 2002, the Texas Syndicate declares war on the Tango Blast prison gang. Italy Albanian emigrants started arriving at Italian ports in 1991.