What do sites such as edshelf, Learning List, What Works Clearinghouse, EdSurge Product Index, and Common Sense Education help teachers with? Many of the 1101s basic architectural details were used again in later Remington-Rand computers until the 1960s. The 2116A is HPs first computer. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? The first of David Hilbert's 23 unsolved problems presented at the Paris conference of the International Congress of Mathematicians in 1900 involved the Continuum Hypothesis. Each processor had its own small memory linked with others through a flexible network that users altered by reprogramming rather than rewiring. Question 13. answer choices True Fasle Question 3 30 seconds Q. Total Cards. Tracks on the drum did the mathematical integration. Powerful microcomputers developed for use by commercial, educational and government enterprises are called ____. The Nova line of computers continued through the 1970s, and influenced later systems like the Xerox Alto and Apple 1. Despite using 98,304 PowerPC chips, Sequoia's relatively low power usage made it unusually efficient. Apple had initially included a handle in their Macintosh computers to encourage users to take their Macs on the go, though not until five years after the initial introduction does Apple introduce a true portable computer. Johnniac was used for scientific and engineering calculations. Lisa is the first commercial personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). When the Minuteman I was decommissioned, some universities received these computers for use by students. Demand called for more than 12,000 of the 1401 computers, and the machines success made a strong case for using general-purpose computers rather than specialized systems. The TRS-80 proved popular with schools, as well as for home use. Performing far better than the company projections of 3,000 units for the first year, in the first month after its release Tandy Radio Shacks first desktop computer the TRS-80 sells 10,000 units. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. Within a year, he had built the worlds first laser printer, launching a new era in computer printing, generating billions of dollars in revenue for Xerox. Dell dropped out of school to focus on his business and in 1985, the company produced the first computer of its own design, the Turbo PC, which sold for $795. Which software tool would be helpful for preparing a newsletter? To protect it from earthquakes, the building housing it was built using a seismic isolation system that used rubber supports. Southwest Technical Products is founded by Daniel Meyer as DEMCO in the 1960s to provide a source for kit versions of projects published in electronics hobbyist magazines. Steve Jobs, forced out of Apple in 1985, founds a new company NeXT. Selling for $1,750, the Micral never penetrated the U.S. market. In 1987, the year after Microsoft went public, 31-year-old Gates became the world's youngest billionaire. Which of the following is not a significant challenge in regard to assessing students who are English language learners (ELLs)? The new chip made graphical operating environments for IBM PC and PC-compatible computers practical. This object-oriented multitasking operating system was groundbreaking in its ability to foster rapid development of software applications. The TI 99/4 sold well and led to a series of TI follow-on machines. The machines system of connections and switches let processors broadcast information and requests for help to other processors in a simulation of brain-like associative recall. Hungarian-born von Neumann demonstrated prodigious expertise in hydrodynamics, ballistics, meteorology, game theory, statistics, and the use of mechanical devices for computation. It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. During the 1980s and early 1990s, ____ was the dominant operating system for microcomputers. and taking up a volume of less than 1 cubic foot. It had no operating system, but it did recognize commands entered via a row of switches. Because of its speed, small size, and reasonable cost, the PDP-8 was sold by the thousands to manufacturing plants, small businesses, and scientific laboratories around the world. A special version, known as HARVEST, was developed for the US National Security Agency (NSA). The SSEC was one of the last of the generation of 'super calculators' to be built using electromechanical technology. This was the first program in history to run on a digital, electronic, stored-program computer. The company called it a connected organizer rather than a PDA to emphasize this ability. Promotional shot of the Compaq Deskpro 386s. The Macintosh Portable was heavy, weighing sixteen pounds, and expensive (US$6,500). Software the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. . After being successfully used for decades, NTDS was phased out in favor of the newer AEGIS system in the 1980s. T/F False Storage on a mobile device is usually an SSD (Solid-state drive). For many business users, quick access to this huge storage capability outweighed its relatively slow processing speed. Beginning with the VAX-11/780, the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX family of computers rivals much more expensive mainframe computers in performance and features the ability to address over 4 GB of virtual memory, hundreds of times the capacity of most minicomputers. The Nest Learning Thermostat is an early product made for the emerging Internet of Things, which envisages a world in which common everyday devices have network connectivity and can exchange information or be controlled. The Altair had no keyboard and could not be connected to a television screen. The most popular operating system for small microcomputers in the late 1970s was CP/M, written by Gary Kildall in about 1974 and marketed by the company he started, Digital Research, Inc. IBM visited Digital Research in August 1980 - some say at the suggestion of Bill Gates - to investigate using "CP/M-86, their upcoming version for . Sales were weaker than projected, despite being widely praised by the press for its active matrix display, removable trackball, and high performance. Cuthbert Hurd (standing) and Thomas Watson, Sr. at IBM 701 console. Initially, Franklin won a court victory allowing them to continue cloning the machines, but in 1988, Apple won a copyright lawsuit against Franklin, forcing them to stop making Apple II clones.. The Mark 1 produced mathematical tables but was soon superseded by electronic stored-program computers. Apple's Macintosh Portable meets with little success in the marketplace and leads to a complete redesign of Apple's line of portable computers. Headquartered in Maynard, Massachusetts, Digital Equipment Corporation, took over 8,680 square foot leased space in a nineteenth century mill that once produced blankets and uniforms for soldiers who fought in the Civil War. The Paragon at Caltech was named the fastest supercomputer in the world in 1992. What is the Internet standard for how web pages are formatted and displayed? The handwriting recognition software was much maligned for inaccuracy. The device was considered the earliest non-kit personal computer. Started by a group of engineers that left Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), Data General designs the Nova minicomputer. Updates called _____ contain fixes and enhancements to the operating system. The Invention of the PC These innovations made it cheaper and easier to. [3] IBM SSEC, became operational in January 1948 but was electromechanical [22] server. Wang sold the 2200 primarily through Value Added Resellers, who added special software to solve specific customer problems. The 701 introduction also marked the beginning of IBMs entry into the large-scale computer market, a market it came to dominate in later decades. Their first program, consisting of seventeen instructions and written by Kilburn, ran on June 21st, 1948. Although manufactured by Remington Rand, the machine was often mistakenly referred to as the IBM Univac." True/False True The most controversial changes to Windows in Windows 8 were the GUI. Apollo was a leading innovator in the workstation field for more than a decade, and was acquired by Hewlett-Packard in 1989. Acorn spun off ARM as its own company to license microprocessor designs, which in turn has transformed mobile computing with ARMs low power, high-performance processors and systems-on-chip (SoC). The micro should be an extremely low power device even if this raises the cost of the project. Leaving Palm Inc., Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins found Handspring. The TX-0 (Transistor eXperimental - 0) is the first general-purpose programmable computer built with transistors. Get started for free! Which software function could help students memorize the correct names of chemical elements? This is likely the first example of remote access computing. The 386 chip brought with it the introduction of a 32-bit architecture, a significant improvement over the 16-bit architecture of previous microprocessors. Designed by Don Lancaster, the TV Typewriter is an easy-to-build kit that can display alphanumeric information on an ordinary television set. The motes were powered by a tiny battery and could gain light energy through a photocell, which was enough to feed the infinitesimally small amount of energy a mote consumes (1 picowatt). VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users. Hundreds of allied bombes were built in order to determine the daily rotor start positions of Enigma cipher machines, which in turn allowed the Allies to decrypt German messages. While it did not sell well, the operating system, Be OS, retained a loyal following even after Be stopped producing hardware in 1997 after less than 2,000 machines were produced. Apples inspiration for the Lisa and Macintosh computers came from the Xerox Alto. The mill is still in use today as an office park (Clock Tower Place) today. The Nest allowed for remote access to a users homes thermostat by using a smartphone or tablet and could also send monthly power consumption reports to help save on energy bills. News of the groundbreaking electronic ENIAC computer that same year inspired the group to change course and attempt a digital solution, whereby flight variables could be rapidly programmed in software. The RISC PC was used widely in UK broadcast television and in music production. Started in 1943, the ENIAC computing system was built by John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert at the Moore School of Electrical Engineering of the University of Pennsylvania. Built in Sydney, Australia by the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research for use in its Radio physics Laboratory in Sydney, CSIRAC was designed by British-born Trevor Pearcey, and used unusual 12-hole paper tape. User interface One of the earliest and most popular pieces of software for microcomputers was the VisiCalc spreadsheet program. The PC era ended Wangs success, and it filed for bankruptcy in 1992. The PowerBook line of computers was discontinued in 2006. Kilburn (left) and Williams in front of 'Baby'. Thousands of software titles were released over the lifespan of the C64 and by the time it was discontinued in 1993, it had sold more than 22 million units. Select the power connector that is specified by the ATX Version 2.2 standard, which allows more power to the motherboard for PCI Express (PCIe) devices. H. Edward Roberts, the Florida-born former U.S. Air Force officer who headed MITS, decided to design a small, affordable computer around the Intel 8080. The 6600 retained the distinction of being the fastest computer in the world until surpassed by its successor, the CDC 7600, in 1968. Paragon systems were used in many scientific areas, including atmospheric and oceanic flow studies, and energy research. The iPad combines many of the popular capabilities of the iPhone, such as built-in high-definition camera, access to the iTunes Store, and audio-video capabilities, but with a nine-inch screen and without the phone. Which is an acknowledged benefit of software with drill and practice functions? The Retina display became standard on most of the iPad, iPhone, MacBook, and Apple Watch product lines. In 2012, Apple introduced the Retina display for the MacBook Pro laptop and iPad tablet. Daniel Hillis of Thinking Machines Corporation moves artificial intelligence a step forward when he develops the controversial concept of massive parallelism in the Connection Machine CM-1. After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. IBMs 7000 series of mainframe computers are the companys first to use transistors. The project became the One Laptop per Child Consortium (OLPC) founded by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of MIT's Media Lab. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. Operator at Complex Number Calculator (CNC). Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. The first microcomputer was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. For its January issue, hobbyist magazine Popular Electronics runs a cover story of a new computer kit the Altair 8800. Only about thirty NEACs were sold. MITS co-founder Ed Roberts invented the Altair 8800 which sold for $297, or $395 with a case and coined the term personal computer. The RISC microprocessor had a 32-bit integer arithmetic and logic unit (the part of the CPU that performs operations such as addition and subtraction), a 64-bit floating-point unit, and a clock rate of 33 MHz. ____ operating systems are typically used for a network platform. It would serve as the model for several other significant multi-processor systems that would be among the fastest in the world. The banking industry rushed to adopt the machine, built to run during repair or expansion. The militarys high standards for its transistors pushed manufacturers to improve quality control. Instead of designing a custom controller, two young engineers from Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) -- Gordon Bell and Edson de Castro -- do something unusual: they develop a small, general purpose computer and program it to do the job. One of the earliest personal computers, the Kenbak-1 is advertised for $750 in Scientific American magazine. The company sold about 200 machines, losing $500 per unit. The system was IBM's response to losing control of the PC market with the rise of widespread copying of the original IBM PC design by clone makers. Its price was especially attractive as the computer included very useful productivity software worth about $1,500 alone. Rather than testing components like the SEAC, the SWAC was built using already-developed technology. The first Q1 microcomputer was delivered in December of 1972, making it the first, as far as he can tell. The World Wide Web was invented in the 90s The first digital computing services were invented in the The first commercial computers were available in First PCs in the First Cell phones in the 1940s 1950 80s 90s The first computer was designed to fire missles A "Bug" is used to describe True/False B. Level. Working under Tom Kilburn at Englands Manchester University, Richard Grimsdale and Douglas Webb demonstrate a prototype transistorized computer, the "Manchester TC", on November 16, 1953. The most ambitious massively parallel computer at the time, the ILLIAC IV was plagued with design and production problems. Building a computer into the watch form factor has been attempted many times but the release of the Apple Watch leads to a new level of excitement. It was based on a graphical user interface using windows, icons, and a mouse, and worked together with other Altos over a local area network. University of Manchester researchers Frederic Williams, Tom Kilburn, and Geoff Toothill develop the Small-Scale Experimental Machine (SSEM), better known as the Manchester "Baby." A series of pulleys transported continuous rolls of punched paper tape containing possible solutions to a particular code. An early transistorized computer, the NEAC (Nippon Electric Automatic Computer) includes a CPU, console, paper tape reader and punch, printer and magnetic tape units. Its price was $2,500. After the war, he concentrated on the development of Princetons Institute for Advanced Studies computer. At the same press conference, IBM also announced 40 completely new peripherals for the new family. Columbia was used in space vehicle analysis, including studying the Columbia disaster, but also in astrophysics, weather and ocean modeling. The first generation of Palm-produced devices, the Palm 1000 and 5000, are based around a Motorola microprocessor running at 16MHz, and uses a special gestural input language called Graffiti, which is quick to learn and fast.